Childbirth, Childbirth A Global Perspective
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Childbirth: A Global Perspective
Readings & Resources
REQUIRED: Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990-2013: http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/monitoring/maternal-mortality-2013/en/
The following readings and resources are suggested by the instructor, but are not required for successful completion of this course.
Ban Ki-moon, Global Strategy for Women's and Children's Health: http://www.everywomaneverychild.org/images/content/files/global_strategy/full/20100914_gswch_en.pdf
Thaddeus S, Maine D. To far to walk: Maternal mortality in context. Social Science & Medicine 1994; 38(8): 1091-1110.
Rosenfeld A, Maine D. Maternal mortality—a neglected tragedy: Where is the M in MCH? The Lancet, July 13, 1985. http://www.unicef.org/devpro/files/A_Rosenfield_et_al_Maternal_Mortality_1985.pdf
Fathella M. On Safe Motherhood at 25 Years: Looking Back, Moving Forward. http://www.figo.org/sites/default/files/uploads/On_Safe_Motherhood_2077802.pdf
Why did Mrs. X Die? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gS7fCvCIe1k
The Partnership for Maternal, Newborn & Child Health: http://www.who.int/pmnch/en/
White Ribbon Alliance:
Readings & Resources
REQUIRED
CDC, Pregnancy Related Deaths: http://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/maternalinfanthealth/pregnancy-relatedmortality.htm
CDC, Severe Maternal Morbidity in the United States: http://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/MaternalInfantHealth/SevereMaternalMorbidity.html
Amnesty International, Maternal Health in the U.S.: http://www.amnestyusa.org/our-work/campaigns/demand-dignity/maternal-health-is-a-human-right/maternal-health-in-the-us
SUPPLEMENTARY
The following readings and resources are suggested by the instructor, but are not required for successful completion of this course.
ACOG, Maternal Mortality Review: http://www.acog.org/About-ACOG/ACOG-Departments/Public-Health-and-Social-Issues/Maternal-Mortality-Review?IsMobileSet=false
U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Pregnancy mortality surveillance system. http://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/MaternalInfantHealth/PMSS.html
William M Callaghan, Overview of Maternal Mortality in the United States: http://www.seminperinat.com/article/S0146-0005(11)00148-0/fulltext
Creanga AA, Berg CJ, Ko JY, Farr SL, Tong VT, Bruce C, Callaghan WM. Maternal mortality and morbidity in the United States: Where are we now? J Women’s Health 2014 Jan; 23(1):3-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24383493
Grigorescu V. Revival of a core public health function: State- and urban-based maternal death review processes. J Women’s Health 2013; 22:395-398. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23600436
King JC. Strategies to reduce maternal mortality in developed countries. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2013, 25:117–123 DOI:10.1097/GCO.0b013e32835e1505 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23340247
Berg CJ, Harper MA, Atkins SM, et al. Preventability of pregnancy-related deaths: Results of a state-wide review. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2005;106: 1228–1234.
Creanga AA, Bateman BT, Kulina EV, Callaghan WM. Racial and ethnic disparities in severe maternal morbidity: a multistate analysis, 2008-2010. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014;210:435.e1-8.
Pazol K, Kramer MR, Hogue CJ. Condoms for dual protection: Patterns of use with highly effective contraceptive methods. Public Health Reports 2010;125:208-217.
Saftlas AF, Koonin LM, Atrash HK. Racial disparity in pregnancy-related mortality associated with livebirth: can established risk factors explain it? Am J Epidemiol 2000;152:413–19.
Readings & Resources
REQUIRED
WHO, World Health Report 2006 - Working together for health, Chapter 1: http://www.who.int/whr/2006/chapter1/en/
World Health Organization (WHO). (2012). Optimizing health worker roles to improve access to key maternal and newborn health interventions through task shifting. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Press. http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/maternal_perinatal_health/978924504843/en/
SUPPLEMENTARY
The following readings and resources are suggested by the instructor, but are not required for successful completion of this course. Open access links have been provided where possible.
Chin L, Evans T, Anand S, et al. Human resources for health: Overcoming the crisis. Lancet 2004;364:1984-90. http://www.globalsurgery.info/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Human-Resources-for-Health.pdf
Kruk M, Prescott M, de Pinho H, Galea S. Are doctors and nurses associated with coverage of essential health services in developing countries? A cross-sectional study. Human Resources for Health 2009, 7:27. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2670260/
Gross J, Rogers M, Teplinskiy I, et al. The impact of out-migration on the nursing workforce in Kenya. Health Services Research 2011, 46:4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3165189/
World Health Organization (WHO). (2013). Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV Infection. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Press. http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/guidelines/arv2013/en/
World Health Organization (WHO). (2008). Task shifting: Rational redistribution of tasks among health workforce teams. Global recommendations and guidelines. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Press.
Institute of Medicine (IOM). (2010a). Preparing for the future of HIV/AIDS in Africa: A shared responsibility. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK209737/
Dawson, A.J., Buchan, J., Duffield, C., Homer, C.S.E., Wijewardena, K. (2013). Task Shifting and sharing in maternal and reproductive health in low-income countries: a narrative synthesis of current findings. Health Policy and Planning. 2013; 1-13 [doi:10.1093/heapol/czt026]
Kredo, T., Adeniyi, F.B., Bateganya, M., Pienaar, E.D. (2014). Task Shifting from doctors to non-doctors for initiation and maintenance of antiretroviral therapy (Review). The Cochrane Collaboration. The Cochrane Library. 2014, Issue 7.
Penazzato, M., Davies, M.A., Apollo, T., Negussie, E., Ford, N. Task Shifting for the Delivery of Pediatric Antiretroviral Treatment: A Systematic Review. (2014). Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. Vol.65, Number 4, April 1, 2014.
Zuber, A., McCarthy, C.F., Verani, A., Msidi, E., Johnson, C. (2014). A Survey of Nurse-Initiated and Managed Antiretroviral Therapy (NIMART) in Practice, Education, Policy, and Regulation in East, Central, and Southern Africa. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care. 2014. Pp.1-12.
Readings & Resources
There are no required readings this week, but it is recommended to explore at least two (2) of the resources listed below. These readings are suggested by the instructor, but they are not required for successful completion of this course. Open access links have been provided where possible.
Ameh C, Msuya S, Hofman J, et al. Status of emergency obstetric care in six developing countries five years before MDG targets for maternal and child health. PLOS ONE. 2012;7:1-9. http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0049938
Echoka E, Kombe Y, Dubourg D, et al. Existence and functionality of emergency obstetric care services at district level in Kenya: theoretical coverage versus reality. BMC Health Serv Res. 2013;13:113. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6963/13/113
EngenderHealth and Averting Maternal Death and Disability (AMDD). Quality Improvement for Emergency Obstetric Care: Leadership Manual and Tool Book. New York: EngenderHealth and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University; 2003. http://www.engenderhealth.org/pubs/maternal/qi-emoc.php
Fauveau V, Donnay F. Can the process indicators for emergency obstetric care assess the progress of maternal mortality reduction programs? An examination of UNFPA projects 2000-2004. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2006;93:308-16.
Gabrysch S, Simushi V, Campbell OMR. Availability and distribution of, and geographic access to emergency obstetric care. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2011;114:174-9.
Gabrysch S, Civitelli G, Edmond KM, et al. New signal functions to measure the ability of health facilities to provide routine and emergency newborn care. PLOS Med. 2012;9:1-7. http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1001340
Gabrysch S, Zanger P, Campbell OMR. Emergency obstetric care availability: a critical assessment of the current indicator. Trop Med Int Health. 2012;17:2-8. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02851.x/pdf
Kongnyuy EJ, Hofman J, Mlava G, et al. Availability, utilisation, and quality of basic and comprehensive emergency obstetric care services in Malawi. Matern Child Health J. 2009;13:687-94.
Paxton A, Maine D, Freedman L, Fry D, Lobis S. The evidence for emergency obstetric care. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2005;88:181-93.
Paxton A, Bailey P, Lobis S. The United Nations process indicators for emergency obstetric care: reflections based on a decade of experience. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2006;95:192-208.
Pitchforth E, van Teijlingen E, Graham W, Dixon-Woods M, Chowdhury M. Getting women to the hospital is not enough; a qualitative study of access to emergency obstetric care in Bangladesh. Qual Safe Health Care. 2006;15:214-19. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2464855/
Spangler SA. Assessing skilled birth attendants and emergency obstetric care in rural Tanzania: the inadequacy of using global standards and indicators to assess local realities. Reprod Health Matters. 2012;20:133-141.
WHO, UNFPA, UNICEF, AMDD. Monitoring Emergency Obstetric Care: A Handbook. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009. http://www.unfpa.org/webdav/site/global/shared/documents/publications/2009/obstetric_monitoring.pdf
WHO, UNFPA, UNICEF, World Bank. Managing Complications in Pregnancy and Childbirth: A Guide for Midwives and Doctors. World Health Organization; 2007. http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2007/9241545879_eng.pdf?ua=1
Readings & Resources
REQUIRED
CDC. Community Mobilization Guide: http://www.cdc.gov/stopsyphilis/toolkit/Community/CommunityGuide.pdf
The Institute for Healthcare Improvement (visit and explore website): http://www.ihi.org/Topics/TripleAim/Pages/GettingStarted.aspx
SUPPLEMENTAL
These readings are suggested by the instructor, but they are not required for successful completion of this course. Open access links have been provided where possible.
Prost, A., Colbourn, T., Seward, N., Azad, K., Coomarasamy, A., Copas, A., . . . Costello, A. (2013). Women's groups practising participatory learning and action to improve maternal and newborn health in low-resource settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet, 381(9879), 1736-1746. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60685-6
Taylor, Daniel C., Taylor, Carl E., & Talyor, Jesse O. (2012). Empowerment on an Unstable Planet: From Seeds of Human Energy to a Scale of Global Change. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
Readings & Resources
REQUIRED
Official MaNHEP website: http://nursing.emory.edu/manhep/
SUPPLEMENTAL
These readings are suggested by the instructor, but they are not required for successful completion of this course. Open access links have been provided where possible.
Special issue of the Journal of Midwifery and Women’s Health focusing on MaNHEP project achievements: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jmwh.2014.59.issue-s1/issuetoc
MaNHEP partners’ websites:
http://fmoh.gov.et
http://www.aau.edu.et/
http://www.jsi.com/
http://www.urc-chs.com/
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